QUESTION 23
GS3
10 marks
Enumerate the National Water Policy of India. Taking river Ganges as an example, discuss strategies for river water pollution control and management. What are the legal provisions for management and handling of hazardous wastes in India?
WRITE IN
7 min
200 words
What the examiner wants
Outline the National Water Policy, discuss Ganga pollution control strategies and state the legal regime for hazardous waste.
Enumerate; DiscussAnswer exactly what the question asks.
Demand-wise check
- 1National Water Policy 2012: drinking water first, water as economic good, minimum ecological flow, groundwater regulation, water regulatory authorities≈35 words
- 2Ganga: Ganga Action Plan (1985), NGRBA (2009), Namami Gange (2014); sewage treatment, industrial effluent control, ecological flow, river-front management≈35 words
- 3Hazardous waste: Environment Protection Act 1986, Hazardous Waste Rules (2008, now 2016), Basel Convention, Public Liability Insurance Act 1991, NGT≈35 words
- 4Gaps: STP capacity, enforcement, untreated tannery waste (Kanpur)≈35 words
Open in about 30 words and close in about 30.
Answer plan
NWP key pointsGanga strategyLegal provisions for hazardous wasteGaps
Where marks usually go
- Skipping one of the three parts
- Listing schemes without strategy
Draw this
- Map of Ganga basin with major polluting towns
Value addition
- CaseM.C. Mehta v Union of India (1987, oleum gas leak) laid down absolute liability for hazardous industries.Supreme Court, 1987
- SchemeNamami Gange (2014) had a ₹20,000 crore outlay.NMCG
Mapped topper copies
Reviewed public-source references related to this PYQ. Same-syllabus references are labelled separately.
- Shakti Dubey · AIR 1 · Page 41 ↗Same syllabus reference
- Aniket Ranjan · AIR 48 · Page 41 ↗Same syllabus reference
- Shakti Dubey · AIR 1 · Page 19 ↗Same syllabus reference
- Aniket Ranjan · AIR 48 · Page 15 ↗Same syllabus reference
Links open original public sources. MainsBuddy does not host these answer sheets.
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