QUESTION 13
GS3
10 marks
Adoption of PPP model for infrastructure development of the country has not been free of criticism. Critically discuss pros and cons of the model.
WRITE IN
7 min
200 words
What the examiner wants
Critically discuss the advantages and drawbacks of the PPP model for infrastructure.
Critically discussAnswer exactly what the question asks.
Demand-wise check
- 1Pros: private capital and efficiency, risk sharing, faster delivery≈35 words
- 2Cons: aggressive bidding, renegotiation, land delays, stalled projects, NPAs, user charges≈35 words
- 3Examples: airports (Delhi, Mumbai), highway BOT failures≈35 words
- 4Reforms: HAM (2016), independent regulator, dispute resolution≈35 words
Open in about 30 words and close in about 30.
Answer plan
PPP conceptProsConsExamplesReforms
Where marks usually go
- Only listing pros and cons without examples
- Missing reforms
Draw this
- Risk table: risk (land, construction, traffic, financing) → public or private bearer under BOT vs HAM
Value addition
- CommitteeKelkar Committee (2015) recommended amending the PC Act and creating 3P India.Kelkar Committee, 2015
- ModelHybrid Annuity Model (2016) has government pay 40% of project cost during construction.MoRTH, 2016
Mapped topper copies
Reviewed public-source references related to this PYQ. Same-syllabus references are labelled separately.
- Mayank Purohit · AIR 33 · Page 13 ↗Same syllabus reference
- Shakti Dubey · AIR 1 · Page 23 ↗Same syllabus reference
- Aniket Ranjan · AIR 48 · Page 26 ↗Same syllabus reference
- Mayank Purohit · AIR 33 · Page 15 ↗Same syllabus reference
Links open original public sources. MainsBuddy does not host these answer sheets.
Next: plan for one minute, write it in 7 minutes, then get it checked.