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MAINS 2013
GS1
10 marks

Critically discuss the objectives of Bhoodan and Gramdan movements initiated by Acharya Vinoba Bhave and their success.

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7 min
200 words
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What the examiner wants

Critically discuss the aims of Vinoba Bhave's Bhoodan and Gramdan and how far they succeeded.

Critically discussAnswer exactly what the question asks.

Demand-wise check

  1. 1Origin: Pochampally (Telangana), April 1951, after communist peasant unrest; first donation of 100 acres≈35 words
  2. 2Objectives: voluntary land redistribution, non-violent alternative to revolution, Sarvodaya and village self-rule≈35 words
  3. 3Gramdan: whole village land vested in the village community≈35 words
  4. 4Success and limits: lakhs of acres pledged but far short of 50 million acre target; much land uncultivable or never distributed; no structural change≈35 words

Open in about 30 words and close in about 30.

Answer plan

ContextObjectivesGramdan as extensionAchievementsFailures with reasonsLegacy (Bhoodan Acts, moral pressure)

Where marks usually go

  • Treating it only as a land-reform statistic, ignoring its Gandhian ethic
  • Not covering Gramdan separately

Draw this

  • Flow: Telangana unrest → Pochampally gift → Bhoodan → Gramdan → state Bhoodan Acts

Value addition

  • FactAt Pochampally on 18 April 1951, V. Ramachandra Reddy gifted 100 acres, starting Bhoodan.Bhoodan history
  • LawSeveral states passed Bhoodan Yagna Acts (e.g. Bihar, Rajasthan) to give legal title to donated land.State Bhoodan Acts, 1950s

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