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MAINS 2013
GS1
10 marks

Discuss the contribution of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad to pre-and post-independent India.

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7 min
200 words
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What the examiner wants

Discuss Maulana Azad's role in the freedom struggle and in independent India's nation building.

DiscussExplain the different sides of the issue, use evidence, and finish with a balanced view.

Demand-wise check

  1. 1Pre-independence: Al-Hilal (1912), Khilafat and Non-Cooperation, youngest INC president (1923), president 1940-46≈35 words
  2. 2Composite nationalism: opposed Muslim League's two-nation theory and Partition; led Congress at Shimla Conference and Cabinet Mission talks≈35 words
  3. 3Post-independence: first Education Minister (1947-58): UGC, IIT Kharagpur, Sahitya, Sangeet Natak and Lalit Kala Akademis, ICCR≈35 words
  4. 4Legacy: National Education Day (11 November), Bharat Ratna 1992≈35 words

Open in about 30 words and close in about 30.

Answer plan

Journalist-revolutionaryCongress leadershipStand against PartitionEducation architectLegacy

Where marks usually go

  • Covering only pre-1947 role
  • Calling him first Prime Minister or mixing him with other Muslim leaders

Draw this

  • Two-panel timeline: before and after 1947

Value addition

  • Book'India Wins Freedom' (1959) records his account of Partition negotiations.Maulana Azad
  • FactHis birthday, 11 November, is observed as National Education Day since 2008.Ministry of Education

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