QUESTION 18
GS3
15 marks
Flooding in urban areas is an emerging climate-induced disaster. Discuss the causes of this disaster. Mention the features of two such major floods in the last two decades in India. Describe the policies and frameworks in India that aim at tackling such floods.
WRITE IN
11 min
250 words
What the examiner wants
Discuss causes of urban flooding, two major Indian floods in the last 20 years, and policies to tackle them.
DiscussExplain the different sides of the issue, use evidence, and finish with a balanced view.
Demand-wise check
- 1Causes: heavy rain, encroached lakes and drains, concrete surfaces, poor drainage, river floodplain building≈65 words
- 2Two floods: Mumbai 2005 (944 mm in 24 hours), Chennai 2015; or Bengaluru 2022≈65 words
- 3Policies: NDMA Urban Flood Guidelines (2010), AMRUT, Smart Cities, SOP on urban flooding (2017)≈65 words
Open in about 30 words and close in about 30.
Answer plan
CausesTwo floodsPoliciesGapsConclusion
Where marks usually go
- Not giving features of two floods
- No NDMA guideline
Draw this
- Diagram of urban water cycle disruption
Value addition
- ExampleMumbai received about 944 mm of rain in 24 hours on 26 July 2005.IMD
- GuidelineNDMA Guidelines on Management of Urban Flooding (2010).National Disaster Management Authority
Mapped topper copies
Reviewed public-source references related to this PYQ. Same-syllabus references are labelled separately.
- Akshit Bhardwaj · Page 38 ↗Reviewed PYQ reference
- Varun Tokas · Page 38 ↗Reviewed PYQ reference
- Aniket Ranjan · AIR 48 · Page 15 ↗Same syllabus reference
- Shakti Dubey · AIR 1 · Page 41 ↗Same syllabus reference
Links open original public sources. MainsBuddy does not host these answer sheets.
Next: plan for one minute, write it in 11 minutes, then get it checked.