QUESTION 11
GS3
15 marks
Discuss the merits and demerits of the four 'Labour Codes' in the context of labour market reforms in India. What has been the progress so far in this regard?
WRITE IN
11 min
250 words
What the examiner wants
Discuss the merits and demerits of the four Labour Codes as labour market reform, and the progress in implementing them.
DiscussExplain the different sides of the issue, use evidence, and finish with a balanced view.
Demand-wise check
- 1Codes: Wages (2019), Industrial Relations (2020), Social Security (2020), Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions (2020) — merging 29 laws≈50 words
- 2Merits: simplification, universal minimum wage, gig worker recognition, fixed-term employment, easier compliance≈50 words
- 3Demerits: retrenchment threshold raised to 300, strike restrictions, weaker union power, state-level variation≈50 words
- 4Progress: passed 2019–20; rules framed by most states; implementation pending for years≈50 words
Open in about 30 words and close in about 30.
Answer plan
CodesMeritsDemeritsProgressConclusion
Where marks usually go
- Not stating progress
- Only merits
Draw this
- Table: code → key change
Value addition
- FactThe four codes merge 29 central labour laws.Ministry of Labour and Employment
- FactThe Code on Social Security, 2020 defines gig and platform workers for the first time.Code on Social Security, 2020
Mapped topper copies
Reviewed public-source references related to this PYQ. Same-syllabus references are labelled separately.
- Mayank Purohit · AIR 33 · Page 3 ↗Reviewed PYQ reference
- Shakti Dubey · AIR 1 · Page 23 ↗Reviewed PYQ reference
- Aniket Ranjan · AIR 48 · Page 26 ↗Same syllabus reference
- Mayank Purohit · AIR 33 · Page 13 ↗Same syllabus reference
Links open original public sources. MainsBuddy does not host these answer sheets.
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