QUESTION 6
GS3
10 marks
How can India achieve energy independence through clean technology by 2047? How can biotechnology can play a crucial role in this endeavour?
WRITE IN
7 min
150 words
What the examiner wants
Explain how India can reach energy independence by 2047 using clean technology, and the specific role biotechnology can play.
DiscussExplain the different sides of the issue, use evidence, and finish with a balanced view.
Demand-wise check
- 1Pathway: renewables with storage, green hydrogen, nuclear (SMRs, 100 GW by 2047), EVs, energy efficiency, critical minerals security, domestic manufacturing≈35 words
- 2Biotechnology: 2G ethanol from crop residue, compressed biogas (SATAT), biodiesel from algae, enzyme technology, engineered microbes for biohydrogen, BioE3 policy (2024)≈35 words
- 3Constraints: cost, land, technology access, financing≈35 words
Open in about 20 words and close in about 20.
Answer plan
Import dependence todayClean-tech pathwayBiotech's roleConstraintsConclusion
Where marks usually go
- Not addressing the biotechnology part
- No targets or timelines
Draw this
- Roadmap: 2030 → 2047 → 2070 milestones
Value addition
- PolicyBioE3 (Biotechnology for Economy, Environment and Employment) policy was approved in August 2024.Department of Biotechnology
- TargetIndia reached 20% ethanol blending in petrol in 2025.Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas
Mapped topper copies
Reviewed public-source references related to this PYQ. Same-syllabus references are labelled separately.
- Shakti Dubey · AIR 1 · Page 13 ↗Reviewed PYQ reference
- Aniket Ranjan · AIR 48 · Page 11 ↗Same syllabus reference
- Mayank Purohit · AIR 33 · Page 9 ↗Same syllabus reference
- Shakti Dubey · AIR 1 · Page 38 ↗Same syllabus reference
Links open original public sources. MainsBuddy does not host these answer sheets.
Next: plan for one minute, write it in 7 minutes, then get it checked.