QUESTION 15
GS3
15 marks
The adoption of electric vehicles is rapidly growing worldwide. How do electric vehicles contribute to reducing carbon emissions and what are the key benefits they offer compared to traditional combustion engine vehicles?
WRITE IN
11 min
250 words
What the examiner wants
Explain how EVs reduce emissions and their main benefits over petrol and diesel vehicles.
ExplainMake clear how and why it happens: causes, process, and an example for each point.
Demand-wise check
- 1Emission cut: no tailpipe emissions, higher efficiency; lifecycle depends on grid mix≈65 words
- 2Benefits: lower running cost, cleaner city air, less oil import, less noise≈65 words
- 3Caveats: battery minerals, coal-heavy grid; India's policies (FAME, PM E-DRIVE, PLI-ACC)≈65 words
Open in about 30 words and close in about 30.
Answer plan
How EVs cut emissionsBenefitsCaveatsPoliciesConclusion
Where marks usually go
- Saying EVs are zero-emission without grid caveat
- No Indian policy
Draw this
- Comparison table: EV vs ICE
Value addition
- SchemePM E-DRIVE (2024) replaced FAME-II for EV demand incentives.Ministry of Heavy Industries
- DataTransport accounts for about 10–14% of India's energy-related CO2 emissions.IEA / NITI Aayog
Next: plan for one minute, write it in 11 minutes, then get it checked.