MAINS 2016
GS1
12.5 marks
Why are the tribals in India referred to as the Scheduled Tribes? Indicate the major provisions enshrined in the Constitution of India for their upliftment.
WRITE IN
9 min
200 words
What the examiner wants
Explain why tribals are called Scheduled Tribes and list the constitutional provisions for their upliftment.
Why... IndicateAnswer exactly what the question asks.
Demand-wise check
- 1Why 'Scheduled': notified by President under Article 342 in a schedule (order); Article 366(25) definition≈35 words
- 2Criteria: Lokur Committee (primitive traits, distinct culture, isolation, shyness of contact, backwardness)≈35 words
- 3Provisions: Art 15(4), 16(4), 46, 275(1), 330, 332, 243D, 338A (NCST), 339; Fifth and Sixth Schedules; Art 244≈35 words
- 4Supporting laws: PESA 1996, FRA 2006≈35 words
Open in about 30 words and close in about 30.
Answer plan
Meaning and Article 342CriteriaProvisions grouped (social, economic, political, administrative)GapsConclusion
Where marks usually go
- Not explaining the word 'scheduled'
- Unorganised list of articles
Draw this
- Table grouping articles into educational, economic, political and administrative safeguards
Value addition
- CommitteeLokur Committee (1965) laid down five criteria for identifying STs.Lokur Committee, 1965
- DataSTs were 10.4 crore, 8.6% of India's population.Census 2011
- Law89th Amendment (2003) created a separate National Commission for Scheduled Tribes under Article 338A.Constitution (89th Amendment) Act, 2003
Next: plan for one minute, write it in 9 minutes, then get it checked.