← All questionsGS1 · 2016 · Indian Society ·Poverty as Deprivation, not just Income
MAINS 2016
GS1
12.5 marks

An essential condition to eradicate poverty is to liberate the poor from deprivation. Substantiate this statement with suitable examples.

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9 min
200 words
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What the examiner wants

Substantiate with examples that ending poverty requires freeing the poor from deprivations in health, education, assets and voice.

SubstantiateBack the statement with facts, data and examples.

Demand-wise check

  1. 1Concept: poverty as capability deprivation (Sen), not only low income≈35 words
  2. 2Deprivations: nutrition, health, schooling, housing, sanitation, credit, social exclusion (caste, gender)≈35 words
  3. 3Examples: Kerala's social indicators, PDS and NFSA, Jan Dhan, Ujjwala, PMAY, Jal Jeevan Mission, MGNREGA≈35 words
  4. 4Evidence: fall in multidimensional poverty≈35 words

Open in about 30 words and close in about 30.

Answer plan

Income vs capability viewTypes of deprivationExamples of schemes attacking eachEvidenceConclusion

Where marks usually go

  • Writing only about income poverty lines (Tendulkar, Rangarajan)
  • Listing schemes without linking each to a deprivation

Draw this

  • Table: deprivation → scheme → outcome

Value addition

  • ThinkerAmartya Sen in Development as Freedom (1999) defines poverty as deprivation of basic capabilities.Sen, 1999
  • DataNITI Aayog estimates 24.82 crore people escaped multidimensional poverty between 2013-14 and 2022-23.NITI Aayog discussion paper, January 2024
  • DataGlobal MPI reports about 415 million Indians exited multidimensional poverty between 2005-06 and 2019-21.UNDP-OPHI Global MPI, 2023

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