QUESTION 18
GS3
12.5 marks
How does illegal transborder migration pose a threat to India’s security? Discuss strategies to curb this, bringing out factors which give impetus to such migration.
WRITE IN
9 min
200 words
What the examiner wants
Discuss how illegal cross-border migration threatens security, what drives it, and how to curb it.
DiscussExplain the different sides of the issue, use evidence, and finish with a balanced view.
Demand-wise check
- 1Threats: demographic change and ethnic conflict (Assam, Tripura), infiltration by militants, fake currency and arms, trafficking, pressure on land and jobs, vote-bank politics≈35 words
- 2Drivers: poverty, climate shocks in Bangladesh, persecution (Rohingya), porous riverine borders, kinship networks, labour demand in India≈35 words
- 3Strategies: smart fencing (CIBMS), BGB-BSF cooperation, biometric ID, work permits, development in border areas, diplomatic engagement≈35 words
- 4Rights balance: refugees vs illegal migrants, humane deportation≈35 words
Open in about 30 words and close in about 30.
Answer plan
ThreatsDrivers (push and pull)Border managementLegal and diplomatic toolsHumane balance
Where marks usually go
- Communalising the issue
- Ignoring push and pull drivers that the question asks for
Draw this
- Map of the India-Bangladesh border showing riverine stretches and fencing gaps
Value addition
- CaseSarbananda Sonowal v Union of India (2005) struck down the IMDT Act, calling illegal migration 'external aggression' under Art 355.Supreme Court, 2005
- DataFinal NRC for Assam (August 2019) excluded about 19 lakh people.Registrar General, 2019
- LawAssam Accord (1985) set 24 March 1971 as the cut-off date for detecting foreigners.Assam Accord, 1985
Next: plan for one minute, write it in 9 minutes, then get it checked.