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QUESTION PYQ 05
GS3
15 marks

What is the basic principle behind vaccine development? How do vaccines work? What approaches were adopted by the Indian vaccine manufacturers to produce COVID-19 vaccines?

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11 min
250 words
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What the examiner wants

For Vaccine Science & COVID-19 Platforms, explain in sequence: first, What is the basic principle behind vaccine development; then, How do vaccines work. Keep evidence and the conclusion tied to these exact limbs.

ExplainMake clear how and why it happens: causes, process, and an example for each point.

Demand-wise check

  1. 1What is the basic principle behind vaccine development?≈65 words
  2. 2How do vaccines work?≈65 words
  3. 3What approaches were adopted by the Indian vaccine manufacturers to produce COVID-19 vaccines?≈65 words

Open in about 30 words and close in about 30.

Answer plan

Scientific principleWorking/applicationIndia-specific programme/statusBenefitsRisks/constraintsFuture use for Vaccine Science & COVID-19 Platforms

Where marks usually go

  • Over-writing ‘What is the basic principle behind vaccine development’ while reducing ‘How do vaccines work’ to a token paragraph
  • Adding correct but adjacent facts on Vaccine Science & COVID-19 Platforms that do not advance the exact causal, comparative or evaluative task in this PYQ

Value addition

  • Vaccine Science & COVID-19 Platforms: threat network — source → channel → vulnerability → responsible institution → response
    → Draw it in the body, next to the point it supports.

Verified value additions

These are verified official-source additions selected for this exact PYQ. Use only the point that strengthens your argument.